Salmonella
Bacteria
Salmonella is a common form of food poisoning caused by rod-shaped bacteria. In the US, there are around 1.35 million cases annually, with 26,500 hospitalizations and 420 deaths. The bacteria can hide in various foods, including raw or undercooked eggs and meat, unpasteurized milk or juice, and unwashed fruits and vegetables. It can also spread from animals like turtles, lizards, and chickens and Turkey.
If a person gets salmonella, they typically experience diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps within several hours to three days. Most cases resolve on their own within 4 to 7 days, but in some instances, severe cases can lead to dehydration and spread to the bloodstream, requiring hospitalization. A small number of people may also develop a longer-term complication called reactive arthritis, which involves joint pain, eye irritation, and painful urination.
Common symptoms
Diarrhea (may be severe), Fever, Stomach cramps, and Nausea and vomiting.
Severe or lasting complications
- Bacteremia:If severe diarrhea occurs, the infection can spread from the intestines to the bloodstream, requiring hospitalization and antibiotics.
- Reactive arthritis:A small number of people develop this condition, which can cause joint pain, eye irritation, and painful urination that may last for months or even years.
When to seek medical attention
- You have a severe case of diarrhea or dehydration.
- You are in a high-risk group (young children, older adults, or have a weakened immune system).
- You have symptoms of a serious complication, such as high fever or blood in your stool.
- Symptoms do not improve or worsen over several days.


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